Differential



Jan. 7, 1930. cQANbRADE, JR 1,

I DIFFERENTIAL Filed Dec. 22, 1928 s Sheets-Sheet 1 M Fig] IN VEN TOR.

Jan. 7, 1930. c. ANDRADE, JR 7, 1,742,679

' DIFFERENTIAL Filed 'Dec. 22, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I NVEN TOR.

Jan. 7, 1930., c. ANDRADE, JR

DIFFERENTIAL Filed Dec. 22, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 1 N VEN TOR.

which Patented Jan. 7, 1930 UNITED STATES amaze GIPRIANO ANDRADE, JR; or NEW Yonx, N. Y. 1

DIFFERENTIAL Application filed December 22, 1928. Serial Nb. 327,884.

ing outward even when the outside holders onthe two driven members become loose.

Iattainthese objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in

Fig. l is a sectional side view of my device; Fig. 2 is an end view of a portion of the middleof my device; Fig. 3 is a left hand end view of my device with B removed; and

15 Fig. 4 is a left hand end view of my device with. the lefthandend flange F removed, to show'the interior arrangement, and the circular solid ring W not shown therein.

. Similar letters and numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views:

A is the driving member; A are the eccentric arcs, being the locking surfaces on the inner face of driving member A; B is the right hand driven member; B is the locking surface of driven member B; B is the locking surface of driven'member B B is the left hand driven member; B is a circular; outside holder on B, to be attached in any appropriate manner to the rear. axlehousing; B is a circular outside holder on B to be attached in any appropriate manner to the rear axle housing; B is a circular element to hold B and B from moving against each other radially; B are the keyways to hold the keys for the axle end on B; B are the keyways to hold the keys for the axle end on B C are the right hand end locking rollers;

C are the left hand end locking rollers; D

are the control rods; E is a circular element to hold the master gear M; F is, the right hand end flange fastened to A; F is the left hand end flange fastened to A; F are the bolts to hold F to A; F are the bolts to hold F to A, and to M, and to E; and W is the circular solid ring between the'locking rollers C and the other locking rollers C and over the small ends of control rods D.

The circular solid ring W is fully stated in my patent application Serial No. 7 6,843; the object being to keep the locking rollers C from touching the lockingrollers C and PATENT OFFICE s also to holdthe locking rollers C and G al- 7 ways in contact with thelocking surfaces B and B through the control rods D.

By referenceto Figs. 1 and 2 of my issued PatentNo. 1,546,460, it will be noted that the locking rollers need not necessarily be in direct contact with one another. "And-therefore in my claims herein, whenIuse the term Flocking rollers, this will cover either a set of locking rollersin contact with each other as shown inFig. 4-herein, or a set of locking rollers not in contact with, each other, as shown for example: in my said issued Patent No. 1,546,460 or any'mechanical equivalent thereof.

It will be understood that the control rod D might be'made-with its large end integral with a solid locking roller and with its small end fittinginto the other locking roller with an opening, as fully disclosed in my issued Patent No. 1,505,124. r I

7 It will be understood that instead of the master gear M- being fastened sideways on the left hand end of the driving member A,

said master gear M might be fastened sideways on the right hand endof the driving member A, as is well known in some of the Mack trucks. Also" said master gear M might be fastened on the middle of the driving member A or made apart of driving memberA, and fastened downward instead of sideways, as is well known in some of the other well known trucks and cars: As is well known in the art the master gear can be put at any position desired. V

The operation ofmy device. is as follows:

The differential functioning of the locking rollers and control rods is fully described in my issued Patents No. 1,471,642; No. 1,505,124 and No. 1,505,687. And the eliminnation of backlash is fully described in my patent application Serial No. 138,157

In my present device herein, the end flanges F and F are not to have, any washers on their outside, as for example in the old type Ford car. In other words, saidend flanges F and "F are not to have anything-whatever to touch their outside surface, or theirmiddle circular opening; the purpose of this being that said end flanges F and F must not have anything to prevent the driving member A from having free radial movement so as to come instantly into locking contact with the lockin rollers C or C or both C and C And t e inside part of said end flanges F and F are: to have alwaysiavclearance of at least afew thousandths of an inch between the ends of locking rollers C and C and also) between the ends of drivenvmembersB and B and that again always makes said end flanges F and F to allow the driving member A to have free radial movement so as to come instantly into locking-contactwith-the looking rollers C or C or both C and C And the outside holders 13* andB being'properly attached to therear axle housing; will hold said driven members B and'B 'from moving outward orradially, but will permit B and -B t'orotate'; And the-circular element-13 willpermit-c'B and B to-r0tate1 past each other.

Of course'later'on, after the carhas been in long use, the'outside holders B and B- will have their connections with the rear axle housing somewhat loose, andin that event in my patent application Serial-No. 188,157 the two'd'riven-members and the two sets of looking'rollers therein will begin to move outward, but in my present application herein, theend flanges F 'and F fastened to A herein will prevent thedriven members B and B and the two sets of'lockingroll'ers' C" and C from movingoutward. Andal'so in my present application herein, these end flan 'es- F and F being fastened to'd'rivingmemiier At, makes it very easy toassemble'this diflerenti'all in the rearaxle housing, beoausenone ofthe;PartscanfaIl out. But in the form of my other patent application Serial No. 138,157, when it is to be assembled in the rearaxle housing,',the driven members and the locking-rollers thereincan fallout unless the drivenmembers are held by hand to keep from falling; out, until they are fully coveredby thevarious parts in the rear axle housing.

It will-be-noted in; all ofmy'previouspatents'andpatentapplicationsgand in the entire prior-art, that there has neverbeen two end flanges fastened: tightly to thedriving member; without anything to touch theoutsidesurface or themiddle circular opening-of said end' flanges, and on the inside of'said two end-flanges two driven members having each antoutsideholder to make each driven member'held'i'n exactposition withthe rear axle housing, and also to hold each driven member from radial movement.

And-by leaving the endflanges .F- and F hereinentirely radially clear as previously stated and shown herein, at'leastone looking roller'onteach driven member at all times is in direct contact with thel'ocking surface I of the driving-member "and the locking surface ing point oftheeccentricarc, and all the other locking rollers on that driven member are thusforced to look also.

I claim:

'1. In. a difl'erential-;-. a first set of locking rollers; a second set of locking rollers; a

driving member-having locking surfaces'outside of said 'lockinoi rollers: a: first driven: member having locking surface inside of said first set of locking' rollers; a second driven member having lockingsurface insideof. said;

second set of locking rollers; a first endflange fastened on one side-0t said driving member, said first'end flange beingon the outsideaof said first driven= member, and on the outside of said first set of locking rollers, said first endflange having not-hing whatever totouch its outer surfaceor its middle circular opening, said-first end flange being free for radial. movement against said first driven member and'also against said first'set of lockingroll- 1 ers; and a second end flange fastened on the other side ofsaiddriving member, said sec ond end flange being on the outsideof said second driven member, and: on the out-side of said second set of locking rollersasaid second end'flange having nothing'whatever to tuch itsoutersurface'or its middle circular opening, said second end fla-nge being free for radial movement against said second driven member and" also against said' second: set: of locking rollers said driving member. being free for radial movement except by. actual pressure contact of one or more-of said locle ingrollers against said driving member and against one or both of'said driven members.

2. In a diiferential; a first set of locking rollers; a second set of locking rollers; a driving member having locking surfaces outside of said'locking rollers; a first driven-member having-locking surface inside of said first set of locking rollers; a second driven member having locking: surface inside of said second set of locking rollers said two driven meme hers-having their middle ends in contact with each other and rotatable one against the other; a circular element toholdsaid first driven member and said seconddrivenmember from moving against each other-radially; a first end flange fastened on one side of said driving member, said: first end'flange being on. the outside of said first driven member and on the outside of said first set of locking rollers, said first end flange having nothing whatever to touchits outer Surface or its middle circular opening, said first-end fl'ange being free for radial movement against said first driven member and also against said first set of looking rollers; and a second end flange fastened on the other side of said driving member, said second end flange being on the outside of said second driven member, and on the outside of free for radial movement except by actual pressure contact of one or more of said looking rollers against said driving member and against one or both of said driven members.

3. In a differential; a first set of locking rollers; a second set oflocking rollers; a driving member having locking surfaces outside of said locking rollers; a first driven member having locking surface inside of said first set of locking rollers; a first outside holder to hold said first driven member in connection With the rear axle housing; a'second driven member having locking surface inside of said second set of locking rollers a second outside holder to hold said second driven member in connection With the rear axle housing a first end flange fastened on one side of said driving member, said first end flange being on the outside of said first driven member, and on the outside of said first set of locking rollers, said first end flange having nothing Whatever to touch its outer surface or its middlecircular opening, said first end flange being free for radial movement against said first driven member and also against said first set of looking rollers; and a second end flange fastened on the other side of said driving member, said second end flange being on the outside of said second driven member, and on the outside of said second set of locking rollers, said second end flange having nothing whatever to touch its outer surface or its middle circular opening, said second end flange being free for radial movement against said second driven member and also against said second set of locking rollers; said driving member being free for radial movement except by actual pressure contact of one or more of said looking rollers against said driving member and against one or both of said driven members.

4. In a differential; a first set of locking rollers; a second set of locking rollers; a driving member having locking surfaces outside of said locking rollers; a first driven member having locking surface inside of said first set of locking rollers; a second driven member having locking surface inside of said second set of locking rollers; a first end flange fastened on one side of said driving member, said first end flange being free for radial movement against said first driven member and also against said first set of locking rollers; and a second end flange fastened on the other side of said driving member, said second end flange being free for radial movement against said second driven member and also against said second set of locking rollers; said driving member being free for radial movement except by actual pressure contact of one or more of said locking rollers against said driving member and against one or both of said driven members. 7

I CIPRIANO ANDRADE, J R. 

